• n. 疼痛；努力
• vt. 使…痛苦；使…煩惱
• vi. 感到疼痛；引起疼痛
• n. (Pain)人名；(意)帕因；(俄)派因；(法)潘；(英)佩因

來自拉丁語poena,折磨，懲罰，來自PIE*kwei,支付，代價，彌補，詞源同penal,punish.后引申詞義疼痛，痛苦。

pain

pain: [13] ‘Punishment’ (now encountered only in such phrases as on pain of death) is the ancestral meaning of pain; ‘suffering’ is a secondary development. The word comes via Old French peine and Latin poena from Greek poiné ‘punishment, penalty’. Its original connotations are preserved in the related penal [15], penalty [16], penance [13], penitence [12], and punish, its later associations in the related verb pine.
=> penal, penalty, penance, pine, punish

pain (n.)

late 13c., "punishment," especially for a crime; also "condition one feels when hurt, opposite of pleasure," from Old French peine "difficulty, woe, suffering, punishment, Hell's torments" (11c.), from Latin poena "punishment, penalty, retribution, indemnification" (in Late Latin also "torment, hardship, suffering"), from Greek poine "retribution, penalty, quit-money for spilled blood," from PIE *kwei- "to pay, atone, compensate" (see penal). The earliest sense in English survives in phrase on pain of death.

Phrase to give (someone) a pain "be annoying and irritating" is from 1908; localized as pain in the neck (1924) and pain in the ass (1934), though this last might have gone long unrecorded and be the original sense and the others euphemisms. Pains "great care taken (for some purpose)" is first recorded 1520s (in the singular in this sense, it is attested from c. 1300). First record of pain-killer is from 1853.

pain (v.)

c. 1300, "to exert or strain oneself, strive; endeavor," from Old French pener (v.) "to hurt, cause pain," from peine, and from Middle English peine (n.); see pain (n.). Transitive meaning "cause pain; inflict pain" is from late 14c. That of "to cause sorrow, grief, or unhappiness" also is from late 14c. Related: Pained; paining.

1. I felt a sharp pain in my lower back.

我感覺到后腰一陣劇痛。

來自柯林斯例句

2. After the pain of defeat passes, England have some thinking to do.

失敗的痛苦過去以后，英國人應該認真反思一下。

來自柯林斯例句

3. We were forbidden, under pain of imprisonment, to use our native language.

我們被禁止使用母語，違者將被關進監獄。

來自柯林斯例句

4. Our instinctive reaction when someone causes us pain is to strike back.

當被別人弄疼時我們本能的反應是反擊。

來自柯林斯例句

5. He was struck by a stabbing pain in his midriff.

他突然感到腹部一陣劇烈疼痛。

來自柯林斯例句