damp: [14] The familiar adjectival use of damp as ‘slightly wet’ is a comparatively recent development, from the 18th century. When the word was first borrowed into English, from Middle Low German damp, it was a noun meaning ‘vapour’ (an application which survives in fire-damp). It comes ultimately from a Germanic base *thump-. The first line of semantic development taken by the word in English was of a ‘noxious exhalation’ (including gas or even smoke, not just vapour), and this is reflected in its earliest adjectival use, in the late 16th century, meaning ‘dazed’, as if affected by such harmful fumes; ‘with looks downcast and damp’, John Milton, Paradise Lost 1667.
Another contemporary sense was ‘noxious’. But the 17th century saw the noun used more and more for specifically wet turbidity: ‘mist’, or simply ‘moisture’. And this formed the basis of the present-day adjectival sense.
damp (n.)
early 14c., "noxious vapor," perhaps in Old English but there is no record of it. If not, probably from Middle Low German damp; ultimately in either case from Proto-Germanic *dampaz (cognates: Old High German damph, German Dampf "vapor;" Old Norse dampi "dust"). Sense of "moisture, humidity" is first certainly attested 1706.
damp (adj.)
1580s, "dazed," from damp (n.). Meaning "slightly wet" is from 1706. Related: Dampness.
damp (v.)
late 14c., "to suffocate," from damp (n.). Figurative meaning "to deaden (the spirits, etc.)" attested by 1540s. Meaning "to moisten" is recorded from 1670s. Related: Damped; damping.
雙語例句
1. They all walked barefoot across the damp sand to the water's edge.
他們?nèi)脊庵_走過潮濕的沙地來到水邊。
來自柯林斯例句
2. The bunk mattress was hard, the blankets prickly and slightly damp.
這個(gè)鋪位的床墊很硬，毯子也很扎人，而且還有點(diǎn)潮。
來自柯林斯例句
3. If damp, musty buildings make you ill, mould is probably the cause.
如果潮濕發(fā)霉的建筑令你生病了，霉菌很可能是病因。
來自柯林斯例句
4. Cracks, bulges, crumbling pointing and damp patches mean trouble.
裂縫、凸起、剝落的勾縫和濕斑都意味著存在問題。
來自柯林斯例句
5. There was a smell of damp wood and machine oil.