Islam是什么意思

Islam

['?z'lɑm]

Islam 伊斯蘭教

來(lái)自阿拉伯語(yǔ)islam,服從，聽(tīng)從于上帝的旨意，來(lái)自阿拉伯語(yǔ)系三字母詞根s-l-m,整體，平和，虔誠(chéng)，詞源同salaam,Muslim.

Islam (n.): "religious system revealed by Muhammad," 1818, from Arabic islam, literally "submission" (to the will of God), from root of aslama "he resigned, he surrendered, he submitted," causative conjunction of salima "he was safe," and related to salam "peace."
... Islam is the only major religion, along with Buddhism (if we consider the name of the religion to come from Budd, the Divine Intellect, and not the Buddha), whose name is not related to a person or ethnic group, but to the central idea of the religion. ["The Heart of Islam: Enduring Values for Humanity," Seyyed Hossein Nasr, 2002]
Earlier English names for the faith include Mahometry (late 15c.), Muhammadism (1610s), Islamism (1747), and Ismaelism (c. 1600), which in part is from Ishmaelite, a name formerly given (especially by Jews) to Arabs, as descendants of Ishmael (q.v.), and in part from Arabic Ismailiy, name of the Shiite sect that after 765 C.E. followed the Imamship through descendants of Ismail (Arabic for Ishmael), eldest son of Jafar, the sixth Imam. The Ismailians were not numerous, but among them were the powerful Fatimid dynasty in Egypt and the Assassins, both of whom loomed large in European imagination.

1. It is true that Islam enjoins tolerance; there's no doubt about that.: 事實(shí)上伊斯蘭教告誡人要寬容，這一點(diǎn)毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)。

2. The spiritual leader charged that the book blasphemed against Islam.: 宗教領(lǐng)袖指責(zé)該書(shū)褻瀆了伊斯蘭教。

3. He maintains Islam must adapt to modern society.: 他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為伊斯蘭教必須適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)。

5. Islam's most sacred shrine is at Mecca in Saudi Arabia.: 伊斯蘭教最神圣的圣地在沙特阿拉伯的麥加.